What encompasses elements such as conflict and resolution in literature?

The correct choice is story grammar, as it is a framework that captures the key components of narrative structure, including elements such as conflict and resolution. Story grammar helps readers and writers understand how stories are constructed, emphasizing the relationships between various elements like characters, setting, plot, conflict, and resolution. In essence, story grammar provides a blueprint for storytelling, allowing for a deeper comprehension of plot dynamics and character motivations, which are integral to understanding how narratives unfold.

Other options focus on different aspects of language and literacy. Spelling patterns relate to the rules and norms of spelling in a particular language. Sound to symbol involves the relationship between phonemes (sounds) and graphemes (letters or groups of letters) and is important for phonics and decoding skills in reading. Structural analysis deals with breaking down words into their morphemes (the smallest units of meaning) to understand word formation and vocabulary but does not address narrative elements like conflict and resolution.