Which type of assessment does not follow standard rules for administration or scoring?

The correct choice is informal assessment because it is characterized by its flexible nature, which allows educators to gather information about student learning without strict adherence to standardized procedures. Informal assessments can take various forms, such as teacher observations, unstructured interviews, class discussions, or quick checks for understanding. These methods enable educators to tailor their approach to the specific context and needs of their students, providing valuable insights into student progress and areas that may require further attention.

In contrast, standardized tests are designed to be administered and scored under consistent conditions, ensuring that results are comparable across different test-takers. Formative assessments, while they can be flexible, often follow specific structures and objectives to measure student learning during instruction. Summative assessments are typically conducted at the end of an instructional period and also adhere to standardized procedures for evaluation and scoring. Thus, informal assessments stand out as the method that lacks rigid rules and allows for a more personalized approach to understanding student learning.